Pollution Level of Surface Water
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in collaboration with the State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs)/Pollution Control Committees (PCCs), is regularly monitoring the water quality of rivers & other water bodies in the country through a network of monitoring stations under the National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP). As per CPCB report of September, 2018, 351 polluted river stretches have been identified on 323 rivers based on monitoring results in terms of Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) levels, an indicator of organic pollution. State-wise details of polluted river stretches are given at Annexure.
Water Aid India has informed that it has neither undertaken any assessment of pollution levels in surface water in India, nor has it made any remarks regarding pollution level of surface water in India in the recent past.
Cleaning and rejuvenation of rivers is a continuous process and Central Government is supplementing the efforts of the State Governments and Union Territories in addressing the challenges of
pollution of rivers by providing financial and technical assistance through schemes like National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) and Namami Gange. NRCP has so far covered polluted stretches of 34 rivers in 77 towns spread over 16 States in the country with a sanctioned cost of Rs. 5965.90 crore & sewage treatment capacity of 2522.03 million litres per day (mld) has been created. Under Namami Gange programme, a total of 335 projects has been sanctioned at a cost of Rs. 29,578 crore so far, of which 142 projects have been completed and made operational. Out of 335 projects, 156 projects are in the sewerage sector for creation of total sewage treatment capacity of 4867 mld, and sewerage network of 5066 kms.
In addition, sewerage infrastructure is created under programs like Atal Mission for Rejuvenation & Urban Transformation (AMRUT) and Smart Cities Mission of Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs.
As per the Provisions of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution), Act 1974, industrial units are required to install effluent treatment plants (ETPs) and treat their effluents to comply with stipulated environmental standards before discharging into rivers and water bodies. Accordingly, CPCB, SPCBs and PCCs regularly monitor industries with respect to effluent discharge standards and take action for non-compliance under provisions of these Acts.
Besides, in compliance of the orders of National Green Tribunal in OA No.673/2018, States and UTs are implementing Action Plans for restoration of water quality in the identified polluted stretches of rivers in their respective States. River Rejuvenation Committees have been constituted by State Governments/Union Territories for preparation and implementation of approved Action Plans and a Central Monitoring Committee has been constituted at Central level to monitor progress of implementation.
Annexure
Annexure referred to in reply to parts (a) & (b) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 3859 to be answered on the 18.03.2021 regarding “Pollution Level of Surface Water”.
State / UTs Wise Polluted River Stretches of Surface Water
| S.No. | Name Of State | Name Of Polluted River Stretches | Number | |
| 1 | Andhra Pradesh | Kundu, Tungabhadra, Godavari, Krishna, Nagavali | 5 | |
| 2 | Assam | Bharalu, Borsola, Deepar Bill, Digboi, Kamalpur, PanchnaiBrahamputra, Kharsang, Pagldia, Barak, Baroi Bega, Beki, Bhogdoi, Boginadi, Borbeel, BordoibamBeelmukh, Burhidihing, Dhansiri, Dikhow, Dikrong, Diplai, Disang, Gabharu, Holudunga, Jai Bharali, Jhanji, Kalong, Kapili, Killing, Kohora, Kulsi, Malini, Mora Bharali, Parashali, Puthimari, Ranga, Samaguri, Sankosh, Silsako, Sorusola, Son, Sonai, TengaPukhuri | 44 | |
| 3 | Bihar | Sirsia, Farmar, Ganga, Poonpun, Ram Rekha, Sikrahna | 6 | |
| 4 | Chhattisgarh | Hasdeo, Kharoon, Mahanadi, Seonath, Kelo | 5 | |
| 5 | Daman, Diu and Dadra Nagar Haveli | Damanganga | 1 | |
| 6 | Delhi | Yamuna, | 1 | |
| 7 | Goa | Sal, Mandovi, Talpona, Assonora, Bicholim, Chapora, Khandepar, Sinquerim, Tiracol, Valvant, Zuari | 11 | |
| 8 | Gujarat | Amlakhadi, Bhadar, Bhogavo, Khari, Sabarmati, Vishwamitri, Dhadar, Triveni, Amravati (Tributary Of Narmada), Damanganga, Kolak, Mahi, Shedhi, Tapi, Anas, BalehwarKhadi, Kim, Meshwa, Mindhola, Narmada | 20 | |
| 9 | Haryana | Ghaggar, Yamuna | 2 | |
| 10 | Himachal Pradesh | Sukhana, Markanda, Sirsa, Ashwani, Beas, Giri, Pabbar | 7 | |
| 11 | Jammu & Kashmir | Devika, Banganga, ChuntKol, Gawkadal, Tawi, Basanter, Chenab, Jhelam, Sindh | 9 | |
| 12 | Jharkhand | Garga, Sankh, Subarnarekha, Damodar, Jumar, Konar, Nalkari | 7 | |
| 13 | Karnataka | Arkavathi, Lakshmantirtha, Malprbha, Tungabhadra, Bhadra, Cauvery, Kabini, Kagina, Kali, Krishna, Shimsha, AsangiNalla, Bhima, Kumardhara, Netravathi, Tunga, Yagachi | 17 | |
| 14 | Kerala | Karamana, Bharathapuzha, Kadambayar, Keecheri, Manimala, Pamba, Bhavani, Chitrapuzha, Kadalundy, Kallai, Karuvannur, Kavvai, Kuppam, Kuttiyady, Mogral, Periyar, Peruvamba, Puzhackal, Ramapuram, Thirur, Uppala | 21
| |
| 15 | Madhya Pradesh | Chambal, Khan, Kshipra, Betwa, Sone, Gohad, Kolar, Tapi, Bichia, Chamla, Choupan, Kalisot, Kanhan, Katni, Kunda, Malei, Mandakini (Mp), Newaj, Parvati, Simrar, Tons, Wainganga | 22 | |
| 16 | Maharashtra | Godavari, Kalu, Kundalika, Mithi, Morna, Mula, Mutha, Nira, Vel, Bhima, Indrayani, Mula-Mutha, Pawana, Wainganga, Wardha, Ghod, Kanhan, Kolar (Mah), Krishna, Mor, Patalganga, Pedhi, Penganga, Purna, Tapi, Urmodi, Venna, Waghur, Wena, Bindusar, Bori, Chandrabhaga, Darna, Girna, Hiwara, Koyna, Pehlar, Sina, Titur, Amba, Bhatsa, Gomai, Kan, Manjeera, Panchganga, Panzara, Rangavali, Savitri, Surya, Tansa, Ulhas, Vaitarna, Vashisti | 53 | |
| Contd…P/2 | ||||
| 17 | Manipur | Nambul, Imphal, Iril, Khuga, Khujairok, Lokchao, Manipur, Thoubal, Wangjing | 9 | |
| 18 | Meghalaya | Umkhrah, Umshyrpi, Kyrhukhla, Nonbah, Umtrew, Lukha, Myntdu | 7 | |
| 19 | Mizoram | Tiau, Tlawng, Tuipui, Tuivawl, Chite, Mat, Saikah, Tuikual, Tuirial | 9 | |
| 20 | Nagaland | Dhansiri, Dzuna, Chathe, Dzu, Dzucha, Sano | 6 | |
| 21 | Odisha | Gangua, GuradihNallah, Kathajodi, Nandirajhor, Daya, Kuakhai, BanguruNallah, Bheden, Brahamani, Budhabalnaga, Kusumi, Mahanadi, Mangala, Nagavalli, Nuna, Ratnachira, Rushikulya, Sabulia, Serua | 19 | |
| 22 | Puducherry | Arasalar, Chunnambar | 2 | |
| 23 | Punjab | Ghaggar, Satluj, Kali Bein, Beas | 4 | |
| 24 | Rajasthan | Banas, Chambal, | 2 | |
| 25 | Sikkim | ManeyKhola, Rangit, Ranichu, Teesta | 4 | |
| 26 | Tamil Nadu | Cauvery, Sarabanga, ThirumanimUthar, Vasista, Bhavani, Tambirapani | 6 | |
| 27 | Telangana | Musi, Manjeera, Nakkavagu, Karakavagu, Maner, Godavari, Kinnersani, Krishna | 8 | |
| 28 | Tripura | Burigaon, Gumti, Haora, Juri, Khowai, Manu | 6 | |
| 29 | Uttar Pradesh | Hindon, Kalinadi, Varuna, Yamuna, Gomti, Ganga, Ramganga, Betwa, Ghaghara, Rapti, Sai, Saryu | 12 | |
| 30 | Uttarakhand | Bhela, Dhela, Suswa, Kichha, Kalyani, Ganga, Kosi, Nandour, Pilkhar | 9 | |
| 31 | West Bengal | Vindhadhari, Mahananda, Churni, Dwarka, Ganga, Damodar, Jalangi, Kansi, Mathabhanga, Barakar, Dwarakeshwar, Kaljani, Karola, Mayurkashi, Rupnarayan, Silabati, Teesta | 17 | |
| Grand Total : | 351 | |||
This information was given by the Minister of State for Jal Shakti & Social Justice and Empowerment Shri Rattan Lal Kataria in Lok Sabha today.
